Multiplication of Whole Numbers
Word Art
Multiplication is the repeated addition of the same number.
For example: 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 30
We added 5 sixes. This can also be written as a multiplication problem or 5 X 6. The numbers being multiplied are called factors and the answer is the product. The times sign, x is one of the symbols used to mean multiplication. Another common symbol used is a dot placed between the numbers.
factor x factor = product
factor ∙ factor = product
For example: 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 30
We added 5 sixes. This can also be written as a multiplication problem or 5 X 6. The numbers being multiplied are called factors and the answer is the product. The times sign, x is one of the symbols used to mean multiplication. Another common symbol used is a dot placed between the numbers.
factor x factor = product
factor ∙ factor = product
Properties of Multiplication
As with addition, there are some useful properties of multiplication.
Multiplication Property of Zero: The product of any number and zero is zero.
0 x 234 = 0
Multiplication Property of One: The product of a number and one is the number.
7 x 1 = 7
Commutative Property of Multiplication: Two numbers can be multiplied in either order. The product will be the same.
5 x 9 = 45
9 x 5 = 45
Associative Property of Multiplication: Grouping the multiplication in any order gives the same result. Do the multiplication inside the parentheses first.
(3 x 4) x 5 = 3 x (4 x 5)
12 x 5 = 3 x 20
60 = 60
Multiplication Property of Zero: The product of any number and zero is zero.
0 x 234 = 0
Multiplication Property of One: The product of a number and one is the number.
7 x 1 = 7
Commutative Property of Multiplication: Two numbers can be multiplied in either order. The product will be the same.
5 x 9 = 45
9 x 5 = 45
Associative Property of Multiplication: Grouping the multiplication in any order gives the same result. Do the multiplication inside the parentheses first.
(3 x 4) x 5 = 3 x (4 x 5)
12 x 5 = 3 x 20
60 = 60